The Challenge

Imagine a scenario where your Spring Boot application (let’s call it my_project) relies on another project (dependency_project). Within this structure, you have a class named SecurityConfig that extends AbstractSecurityConfig, which in turn depends on the SatConfig class found in the dependency project.

// AbstractSecurityConfig (dependency project)

public abstract class AbstractSecurityConfig {

// ...

@Autowired

private SatConfig satConfig;

// ...

}

// SatConfig (dependency project)

@Lazy

@Component

public class SatConfig {

// ...

}

When running unit tests, you may face an UnsatisfiedDependencyException indicating that no qualifying bean of type SatConfig can be found.

The Solution

To address this challenge, one effective method is to create a dedicated test configuration that explicitly defines the SatConfig bean for your testing environment. Here’s how to implement this solution:

Step 1: Create a Test Configuration

Begin by creating a TestConfig class in your test package, annotated with @TestConfiguration. This class will specify the necessary beans for your unit tests.

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration

public class TestConfig {

@Bean

public SatConfig satConfig() {

return new SatConfig();

}

}

Step 2: Modify Your Unit Test

In your unit test class, utilize the @Import annotation to bring in the TestConfig class. This ensures that the beans defined within TestConfig are accessible during your tests.

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringJUnitConfig;

@SpringJUnitConfig

@ContextConfiguration(classes = TestConfig.class)

public class YourUnitTest {

// Your test methods

}

Step 3: Optional - Custom Properties for Tests

If necessary, consider creating a separate application-test.properties file in the src/test/resources directory. This file can override or specify certain properties for your tests, which is particularly useful if your SatConfig class depends on external configuration settings.

# src/test/resources/application-test.properties

satKeysDir=/path/to/test/keys

# Include other test-specific properties as needed

By following these steps, you effectively define the SatConfig bean for your test environment, resolving the UnsatisfiedDependencyException. This approach also allows for the customization of properties during testing, leading to a more controlled and predictable testing scenario.

In summary, when dealing with dependency injection challenges in Spring Boot unit tests, establishing a dedicated test configuration is a robust solution. It not only addresses immediate concerns but also provides a systematic way to manage test-specific beans and configurations.

I'm Steven Hough, a passionate Spring Boot developer eager to solve development challenges. If you found this article beneficial, please share it with fellow developers who might encounter similar issues. Don’t forget to click the "Follow" button for more insightful articles!