Exploring the Intersection of Humanity and Technology
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Cyborgs Among Us
The concept of a "cyborg," a term first introduced by scientists Manfred E. Clynes and Nathan S. Kline in 1960, refers to a being that merges biological and artificial elements for enhanced functionality. This could describe a living organism equipped with technological augmentations or a machine that incorporates organic components. By this definition, many individuals today are considered cyborgs, including those with devices like pacemakers or cochlear implants.
In this article, we will highlight six artists and researchers who have integrated technology into their bodies. Some have embraced this transformation out of necessity, while others have chosen this path voluntarily. All of them navigate the fascinating terrain between humanity and technology.
Hugh Herr
Hugh Herr was once a celebrated rock climber, recognized as a prodigy by the age of 17. However, his promising climbing career was abruptly halted when, at 19, he lost both legs in an accident. Following his recovery, Herr shifted his focus to academia, eventually joining MIT, where he pioneered advanced prosthetic legs.
He gained international acclaim in 2014 for his TED Talk showcasing his bionic legs, which has amassed over 14 million views. Currently, Herr holds a position as a Professor of Media Arts and Sciences at MIT and co-directs the Yang Center for Bionics. Named a "Leader of the Bionic Age" by Time Magazine, he has dedicated his life to the advancement of bionic technology and has contributed to numerous revolutionary innovations in this field.
Tilly Lockey
Tilly Lockey was born healthy, but her life changed dramatically at 15 months when she contracted meningitis, resulting in the amputation of both hands. Growing up with cumbersome prosthetics, Tilly's life took a turn when she collaborated with a UK startup specializing in 3D-printed prosthetic arms.
She became the face of this innovative company, embracing her new arms wholeheartedly. In 2019, Tilly participated in promoting "Alita: Battle Angel," and by 2021, she won the sixth series of the CBBC competition. Today, she thrives as a model, social media influencer, and singer.
Neil Harbisson
Imagine perceiving the world in shades of gray, with no understanding of colors. This is the reality for Neil Harbisson, who was born with achromatopsia, a condition that prevents him from seeing colors. In 2003, he created a device that converts colors into sounds, which he perceives through a bone conductor, allowing him to "hear" colors.
Over time, this device has become an essential part of his identity and has transformed his perception of the world. As an artist, Harbisson expresses his unique experiences by creating art that merges sound and visuals. He is also a prominent advocate for cyborg rights and co-founded an international organization dedicated to promoting cyborg art and supporting individuals wishing to embrace cyborg identities.
Kevin Warwick
Kevin Warwick is often referred to as the first cyborg, integrating human and machine elements. In 1998, he became the first person to receive an RFID implant as part of an experiment exploring the human-computer interface.
In 2002, he took this a step further with BrainGate, a device that connected his nervous system directly to computers through implanted electrodes, enabling two-way communication. This groundbreaking experiment included a fascinating study with his wife to explore the transmission of thoughts or emotions, often seen as an early example of technological telepathy.
Moon Ribas
Dancer and choreographer Moon Ribas has a profound interest in movement, enhanced by her unique ability to sense seismic activity. Since 2013, she has worn implants that vibrate during earthquakes, allowing her to incorporate these movements into her artistic performances.
In her work "Waiting for Earthquakes," her choreography is dictated by seismic events—remaining still in the absence of tremors but dancing during quakes. Ribas is also a cyborg activist and co-founded the Cyborg Foundation alongside Neil Harbisson.
Victoria Modesta
Victoria Modesta gained fame in 2014 through her collaboration with Channel 4 for the "Born Risky" campaign, which included a viral video for her song "Prototype" that garnered millions of views and a Silver Lion Award at the Cannes Film Festival.
Since then, she has established herself as the world's first bionic pop artist, working with prestigious brands like Rolls Royce and Intel. Through her performances, Modesta challenges conventional notions of beauty and advocates for a broader acceptance of augmented body parts. In 2016, she was recognized on BBC's list of influential women.
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